Reações aos meios de contraste iodados –
aspectos práticos

Fernanda Casares Marcelino; Beni Morgenstern; Laila Sabino Garro; Tânia Maria Gonçalves Gomes; Mara Morelo Rocha Felix; Marcelo Vivolo Aun; Adriana Teixeira Rodrigues; Diogo Costa Lacerda; Gladys Queiroz; Inês Cristina Camelo-Nunes; Luiz Alexandre Ribeiro da-Rocha; Maria Fernanda Malaman; Ullissis Pádua Menezes; Maria Inês Perelló Lopes Ferreira

doi:10.5935/2526-5393.20230083

Special Article

Reações aos meios de contraste iodados – aspectos práticos

Reactions to iodinated contrast media - practical aspects

Fernanda Casares Marcelino; Beni Morgenstern; Laila Sabino Garro; Tânia Maria Gonçalves Gomes; Mara Morelo Rocha Felix; Marcelo Vivolo Aun; Adriana Teixeira Rodrigues; Diogo Costa Lacerda; Gladys Queiroz; Inês Cristina Camelo-Nunes; Luiz Alexandre Ribeiro da-Rocha; Maria Fernanda Malaman; Ullissis Pádua Menezes; Maria Inês Perelló Lopes Ferreira

http://dx.doi.org/10.5935/2526-5393.20230083 Arq Asma Alerg Imunol, vol.8, n2, p.116-124, 2024

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Resumo

Desde a sua introdução na década de 1950, os meios de contraste iodados (MCI) têm estado entre os fármacos mais frequentemente prescritos na radiologia e vêm sendo amplamente utilizados após as novas formulações, com melhor resolução e menor toxicidade. As reações adversas a esses agentes não são incomuns, mas são subnotificadas e nem sempre há registro das reações graves. As diretrizes para manejo de pacientes com reação aos contrastes variam entre as diferentes sociedades internacionais, trazendo à discussão diversas controvérsias. Nesse artigo discutiremos sobre os principais aspectos relacionados às reações adversas aos MCI, sobre a investigação através dos testes in vivo em busca de alternativas seguras em caso de procedimentos futuros e também abordaremos as indicações da pré-medicação.

Palavras-chave

Meios de contraste iodados, reações de hipersensibilidade, testes cutâneos, pré-medicação.

Abstract

Introduced in the 1950s, iodinated contrast media (ICM) remain among the most commonly prescribed drugs in radiology and have been widely used following new formulations with increased resolution and reduced toxicity. While adverse reactions to ICM are not uncommon, they are underreported and severe reactions are not always recorded. Guidelines for the management of reactions to ICM vary across different international societies, giving rise to several controversies. This paper discusses the main aspects of adverse reactions to ICM and investigation using in vivo assays to identify safe alternatives for future procedures. It also addresses the indications for premedication.

Keywords

Iodinated contrast media, hypersensitivity reactions, skin tests, premedication.

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Submitted date:
04/22/2024

Accepted date:
06/10/2024